Multiply Networth 6X in 6 Years

First of all I apologize for the rather obvious eyeball grabbing title of this post.  But hey I do have the data to back it up so maybe it is not too bad after all!  

Well this is a follow-on post to the one I had done about a month ago about growing networth.  That post basically talked about some data points pulled out over the last 6 years detailing the growth of my networth.  As I clarified in my post earlier, this was not meant to be any indicator of portfolio performance, but merely my attempt to track one of the key indicators in my journey to financial independence and early retirement.  The key reason I track my networth is to be able to understand the dynamics of personal portfolio management, and how to improve the management over time.  In some sense you are the fund manager of your own personal networth (which is your own personal AUM), and you are constantly looking for ways to manage it better and nurture it to reduce volatility, and improve growth rates, consistently year over year.  

I made a mistake : Fixed returns can lead to Early Retirement

Several months ago, I had stated to my wife, quite brashly if I may add, that debt-like returns would not find any place in our retirement portfolio.  I have been in a tearing hurry to grow our retirement corpus and I thought that the slower growth rate of debt-like investments, when compared to equity based investments, was something I could not tolerate.  In fact I was so convinced about my logic, that I even posted a blog entry justifying my position.  I could not have been more WRONG!!  However, like all good things, ones financial strategy is also never 100% right, and there is always room for improvement.  I have now realized my mistake, and made room for some more fixed income into our retirement portfolio.  There is one key recent investment opportunity though that triggered my change of heart.  If you are a keen follower of personal finance, then you already know what I am talking about!  Yes, I am of course talking about ...

LBYM : Dining out, A Luxury? In India !!

If there is one thing that I like to splurge on, it is food.  Both my wife and I like to sample different cuisines, and between us we have a wide range of foods that we enjoy dining on.  However, one constant source of disagreement that comes up at home is regarding how often we get to eat out.  I think we don't eat out often enough, while my wife feels that eating out is too expensive and she'd rather experiment with home cooking to expand her already wide portfolio of tasty recipes.  I usually disagree, and feel that it is too much effort to slave away in the kitchen day in and day out, and eating out twice or even thrice a week is completely justified.  Given that my wife works as well, I think it is only fair that we reduce as much work at home, while spending on something that we both enjoy, i.e. dining out.  Something happened this Friday though, that has made me re-think my stance on how often we should be going out to fancy lunches and dinners.

Household Savings Rate : How do we measure up?

It is the last day of the month, and our only sources of monthly income, i.e. our paychecks hit our salary accounts today.  I had talked earlier about shooting for a 85% savings rate, and the need to be able to track this religiously, if we want to have any chance of hitting this super aggressive goal.  We have always struggled to come up with a system to track our expenses.  Either we get too ambitious and try to record every single penny we spend, and end up failing miserably in the attempt, or we become too lazy and forget to track any spending at all.  So we figured the first step was to come up with a simple way to monitor our overall monthly expenses and then refine the method if we see the need for it.  So instead of messing with tracking spreadsheets, notebooks, etc, my wife and I came up with this pretty simple method, that was staring us in the face.  Today, I simply added up my wife's and my monthly October paycheck, and I withdrew 10% of the amount in cash from our nearby ATM. 

Early Retirement : Monthly Income Sources

I am very interested in developing passive income sources to meet my monthly expense needs.  Currently we are stuck in the economic rat race, with all of our monthly income coming in from our salaries.  We have no other sources of income (other than some small interest earnings from our savings bank accounts; which I actively try to minimize, since I am not interested in accumulating any debt income)  We also get some dividend income from stocks, but that is too small at this time to make any significant impact to our overall income profile.  We do not have any rental income either.  So my Oct'2011 snapshot of monthly income sources, looks as follows:

Now this is a pretty depressing picture to look at from an early retirement perspective.  Ideally I want the bulk of my monthly income coming in from non-salary sources.  At this time we are 100% locked in to our jobs since we are completely dependent on our salaries for monthly expenses.  Over time, I will need to come up with additional income sources to first supplement, and then replace our current salary based monthly income.

Dividends are the way to retire early

I have always been fascinated by dividend returns from stocks as a means to support my income needs once I have actually retired.  Dividends are particularly exciting since they are not taxed at this time (of course once the new tax code kicks in, dividends may be taxed as well)

As an example Azim Premji, the promoter of Wipro, took home Rs1345Crore (approx USD$269 Million) in the form of completely tax free dividends in 2011.  Of course, being a promoter of Wipro, he owns about 74% of Wipro shares. 

Now I cannot dream of owning so many shares of a leading blue-chip company, but I plan to start in my own small way.  I have identified Hindustan Unilever as the company in which I will invest to secure dividend returns.  I started with ERU2.37 invested in Hindustan Unilever.  That investment is currently worth ERU3.13, which is a healthy 30% gain.  However, my primary motivation behind this investment is not stock capital gains, but the steady stream of dividends from this FMCG company.  So henceforth, I will separately track all dividend returns from this investment, and also re-invest it back into HUL shares to grow my nett investment corpus in HUL.

Finally, while I wait for the dividends to accumulate, I also use a fairly risky options call writing strategy to derive additional monthly income.  For the Oct25'2011 expiry, I have made ERU0.18.  This is a very small number, but given that the risk is high, I do not have the guts to write more calls.  Still it is a 5.7% monthly return on my HUL investment, which is quite significant.  I will continue to try my option call writing for the Nov'11 expiry, and in the meantime re-invest the Oct'11 expiry gains back into HUL shares. 

Lets see how this strategy pans out over the long run.

Want to Retire Early? No place for Debt Instruments!

One of my key learnings on this journey to early retirement, is that I need to give my current corpus the best chance of growing significantly over the next several years.  To achieve this aggressive goal, I have decided that my portfolio cannot have any debt instruments!  To put it simply, I will not be investing in Fixed Deposits, National Savings Certificates (NSCs), Post Office Monthly Income Schemes (POMIS), Recurring Deposits (RD) etc. 

 Now this is a bold statement, given that my parents always focused on debt-like products for all their savings.  However, I firmly believe that in the accumulation phase of my career, I cannot afford to take the path of low risk guaranteed returns.  Also, I already have a fair portion of my portfolio in debt-like products that I cannot avoid.  A part of my salary compulsorily goes towards the Employee Provident Fund (EPF) which is basically invested in debt.  I also invest in balanced Mutual Funds, as part of my MF portfolio, and these funds always have a portion of their AUM invested in debt.  Finally, I continue to service a home loan EMI, and I think it would be better for me to pay off that loan (if at all I want to invest in debt) than directly invest in debt instruments.

Do you agree with my strategy?

What are Early Retirement Units (ERUs) ?

I am extremely uncomfortable sharing the actual numbers about my salary, savings goal, final retirement corpus etc in a wide open public forum.  However, I think it would be very difficult to discuss any early retirement strategy without diving into some detail regarding savings percentages, investment plans, asset allocation etc.  So I figured the best way to get around this concern, is to share all my numbers with a scale factor included.  That way I can confidently share all the details, without being concerned about my privacy. 

As an example, if I use a scale factor of 10000, and my monthly salary is Rs30000, I would refer to it on this blog as a monthly salary of ERU3 (Early Retirement Units 3 = Rs30000 / 10000)  Similarly if I invest Rs100000 in Mutual funds, I would refer to it as a MF investment of ERU10 (Early Retirement Units 10 = Rs100000 / 10000)

In this manner, you will get a clear understanding of my savings and investment plans, and can easily apply it to your own situation by scaling up or down appropriately.  At the end of the day, it is the relative proportions of income, savings, investments etc that matter, and not the absolute numbers!

How much do I need to retire?

The big question for all early retirement aspirants is, "How much do I need to retire?".  I know this is a critical and difficult question to answer, since there are several discussions around this very thought in blogs and personal finance websites.  I realise that the final amount that one comes up with is very dependent on your personal situation, monthly spending assumptions, risk taking ability etc.  However, I am sure there is a common thread that you can find in the following thought process no matter where you are from. 

I am going to start with the assumption that I will require ERU1000 to be able to retire early (with some adjustments and frugality in my lifetsyle)  I will also set myself a stretch goal of ERU2000, which is twice my basic target.  This is to ensure that I am focusing on a larger goal, which should help me reach my basic target with more certainity, and hopefully earlier as well. 

To provide some perspective, my wife's and my current combined take home income is ERU7.34.  This means that my baseline target for overall retirement savings/investments is ~11.3 times my annual take home pay.  My stretch goal would amount to ~22.6 times my annual take home pay.  I will try to add some detail on how I arrived at these numbers the next time, but as of now, I think the stretch goal is practically impossible to achieve!  The baseline target sounds more realistic, but I will have to come up with a detailed plan on how to reach this goal. 

Let me know what your thoughts are regarding a safe retirement corpus?  What multiple of your annual take home pay do you need to have saved up, to be ready to retire?

Early Retirement : Networth or Corpus

One of the key vectors on your journey to early retirement, is the net accumulated wealth, also known as networth, or corpus, that you have at any point in time. You need to actively measure and monitor your networth at least once every 2-3months, and make a decision as to what your networth target is going to be when you actually retire. This is not an easy decision and will require a fair amount of planning, some mathematical computations, and the guts to actually implement this plan. For starters, I will try to put down my networth target, and my current networth, so I can see how far I am from my goal, and consider whether my 85% monthly savings target will get me to my goal or not.

I am very uncomfortable sharing the exact details of my personal wealth, salary, income etc on an online forum like this. So I will be publishing scaled numbers on this website. The thought here is for you to get an idea of my income sources, progress towards networth targets etc, without getting stuck in discussing actual numbers.

My next post will cover my networth target, and a plan on how I intend to achieve it.

How to Retire Early in India

I have seen several articles talking about a relatively recent trend of people planning to retire early in India.  In our generation today, this could be fueled by rising incomes/salaries, and the increased load that most of us face in the work environment.  So while in my parents generation, the objective was to keep working as long as possible to sustain ones family (usually extending well into their 60s), in todays generation, people are actively considering retiring in their 50s.  The popularity of VSPs (Voluntary Separation Programs) offered by companies, wherein employees choose to take an early retirement package, and leave the active work force voluntarily, is a clear indication of this growing trend. 

However, the one thing that I do not see in all of these early retirement discussions, is real life examples of people who have achieved their early retirement dreams.  I notice a lot of free advice easily available on the internet covering the basics of savings, investments, compounding, LBYM, etc,  but no real evidence of people successfully applying these concepts and realising their early retirement goals.  I also notice that the folks dishing out this advice, are not the ones who have actually achieved early retirement themselves.  So I really wonder how all of these so called financial planners and investment gurus, can be believed if they themselves have not walked the journey towards early retirement. 

My objective on this blog, is to document my own attempt at early retirement, step-by-step, backed up with my own data, lifestyle choices, investment decisions etc.  Based on my success or failures going forward, readers can take valuable lessons to apply to their own financial planning.  Either way, you as a reader cant lose! You can apply my successes to your situation, and steer clear of my failures to increase the probability of your hitting your early retirement goals.  Good luck to us all!

Tracking Savings for Early Retirement

My previous post covered my aggressive intent to save 85% of our monthly take home pay for investment purposes.  The key of course is to have the discipline to maintain this aggressive goal and actively track it month by month.  To have any chance of success here, we figured we needed an easy and automated method to implement this, so we are forced into following this guideline for savings.  So our proposal is: as soon as both my wife and I get our monthly salaries in our salary accounts, we will move out 85% of that months' income into investments (through SIPs), or EMIs (for our home loan) or into our secondary bank account.  All monthly expenses will continue to be routed through our respective salary accounts, in the form of utility bill payments, monthly credit card payments, and cash withdrawals for day-to-day expenses.  Let me know what you think of this approach and if you have used something similar before.  We will kick-off with this method starting November 2011. 

Early Retirement : How much to save?

The key determinant of success to achieve your early retirement goals is your savings rate while you are working.  The higher the percentage of savings, the better chance you have of meeting your early retirement goal.  Now of course, the level of savings you can achieve is also dependent on your monthly income levels.  At the start of your career, when your monthly income levels are low, it will be very difficult to achieve a significant savings percentage.  Since you still have to meet your basic expenses for food, housing, clothes etc (the basic essentials) it will be difficult to increase your savings percentage.  However, as your career advances, and your monthly income levels go up, you should be able to start increasing your savings percentage, as typically your monthly basic expenses will not increase much after a certain level.  Particularly in the Indian context, it should be possible to save a very large percentage of your take home salary, if you stick with the principles of LBYM and do not unnecessarily extend your lifestyle. 

I always like to take aggressive goals when it comes to enabling my early retirement.  So far starters I am going to target a 85% savings rate on my monthly income.  This might sound like a huge portion of my monthly earnings, but the objective here is to be as aggressive as possible and find ways to reduce my monthly expenses to enable this savings target.  Just to be clear about my accounting method, here are a few assumptions I will make. 

1. The 85% savings target applies to both my and my wife's monthly take home income.  Any yearly bonuses etc will be additional savings and not accounted for in the 85%

2. All investments in stocks, MFs, real estate EMIs, insurance premiums, are considered as savings for the purposes of this exercise.

3. All expenses in the form of monthly food, entertainment, vacation spending, intermittent medical expenses, utility payments etc are NOT savings and will need to be accommodated in the remaining monthly 15%

Now that I have written this, it makes me wonder if I can achieve this level of aggressive savings, and importantly is there a way for me to track that I am really meeting these savings goals.  My next post will cover how I intend to measure my savings rate, to check how I am doing when compared to the target of 85%

Why do I want to retire early?

The first thought that comes to my mind when I think of retirement is "early".  How do I retire early, and get out of this rat race?  I have been in the corporate world for several years now, and lately I find myself increasing dis-illusioned by the whole corporate atmosphere.  There has got to be more to life than dragging oneself to work everyday, doing ones best to claw your way up the corporate ladder, put in the mind boggling long hours and late night meetings, soak up the pressure of increasingly tight deadlines, and worry oneself about meeting mindless targets quarter after quarter, and sometimes day after day.  When I started my career, I never dreamt that there would come a day when I would feel like this.  Today I know that I am burnt-out, and I want out.  I figured the best way to keep myself honest to my goal, is to first acknowledge how I feel, and share my feelings out here.  Going forward, I intend to chart out a course of exit, and blog my journey to early retirement in this journal.  Lets hope this story has a happy ending.